Accurate estimation of the ionosphere is essential for reliable Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning, timing, and space weather applications. A key challenge lies in converting slant ...

Physicists have spent decades treating mass as something the universe simply hands to particles, a property encoded in ...

Artificial intelligence is colliding with a hard physical limit: the energy and heat of conventional chips. As models scale ...

Scientists have developed molecular devices that can switch roles, behaving as memory, logic, or learning elements within the ...

In power distribution systems, three-phase transformer configuration directly impacts system reliability and load management.

Quantum particles have a social life, of a sort. They interact and form relationships with each other, and one of the most ...

Electron microscopy uses a beam of electrons to illuminate a sample and achieve much higher spatial resolution than light microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy generates an image of the ...

Free-electron lasers create coherent light by constantly accelerating a beam of electrons. Free-electron lasers are particularly useful because they can produce radiation with a short-wavelength, down ...

How do caterpillars keep memories after dissolving into soup? How do we transform without fragmenting? A new AI architecture ...

For more than 50 years, scientists have sought alternatives to silicon for building molecular electronics. The vision was ...

Scientists from the Institute of Metal Research (IMR) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have proposed a new deep correlation ...